Giá trị của \(K = \lim \left( {\sqrt[3]{{{n^3} + {n^2} - 1}} - 3\sqrt {4{n^2} + n + 1}  + 5n} \right)\) bằng:

\(\begin{array}{l}K = \lim \left( {\sqrt[3]{{{n^3} + {n^2} - 1}} - 3\sqrt {4{n^2} + n + 1}  + 5n} \right)\\ = \lim \left( {\sqrt[3]{{{n^3} + {n^2} - 1}} - n} \right) - 3\lim \left( {\sqrt {4{n^2} + n + 1}  - 2n} \right).\end{array}\)

Ta có:

\(\begin{array}{l}A = \lim \left( {\sqrt[3]{{{n^3} + {n^2} - 1}} - n} \right) \\= \lim \dfrac{{\left( {\sqrt[3]{{{n^3} + {n^2} - 1}} - n} \right)\left( {\sqrt[3]{{{{\left( {{n^3} + {n^2} - 1} \right)}^2}}} + \sqrt[3]{{{n^3} + {n^2} - 1}} + 1} \right)}}{{\sqrt[3]{{{{\left( {{n^3} + {n^2} - 1} \right)}^2}}} + \sqrt[3]{{{n^3} + {n^2} - 1}} + 1}}\\ = \lim \dfrac{{{n^2} - 1}}{{\sqrt[3]{{{{\left( {{n^3} + {n^2} - 1} \right)}^2}}} + n.\sqrt[3]{{{n^3} + {n^2} - 1}} + {n^2}}} \\= \lim \dfrac{{1 - \dfrac{1}{{{n^2}}}}}{{\sqrt[3]{{{{\left( {1 + \dfrac{1}{n} - \dfrac{1}{{{n^3}}}} \right)}^2}}} + \sqrt[3]{{1 + \dfrac{1}{n} - \dfrac{1}{{{n^3}}}}} + 1}} \\= \dfrac{1}{{1 + 1 + 1}} = \dfrac{1}{3}.\end{array}\)

\(\begin{array}{l}B = \lim \left( {\sqrt {4{n^2} + n + 1}  - 2n} \right) \\= \lim \dfrac{{\left( {\sqrt {4{n^2} + n + 1}  - 2n} \right)\left( {\sqrt {4{n^2} + n + 1}  + 2n} \right)}}{{\sqrt {4{n^2} + n + 1}  + 2n}}\\ = \lim \dfrac{{4{n^2} + n + 1 - 4{n^2}}}{{\sqrt {4{n^2} + n + 1}  + 2n}} \\= \lim \dfrac{{n + 1}}{{\sqrt {4{n^2} + n + 1}  + 2n}} \\= \lim \dfrac{{1 + \dfrac{1}{n}}}{{\sqrt {4 + \dfrac{1}{n} + \dfrac{1}{{{n^2}}}}  + 2}} \\= \dfrac{1}{{\sqrt 4  + 2}} = \dfrac{1}{4}.\\ \Rightarrow K = A - 3B = \dfrac{1}{3} - \dfrac{3}{4} =  - \dfrac{5}{{12}}.\end{array}\)