Cho hai vectơ \(\overrightarrow a  = \left( {1;1; - 2} \right),\,\,\overrightarrow b  = \left( {1;0;m} \right)\). Góc giữa chúng bằng \({45^0}\) khi:

Góc giữa $\overrightarrow u ;\overrightarrow v$ bằng \({45^0}\) khi \(\cos \left( {\overrightarrow u ;\overrightarrow v } \right) =\cos 45^0\)

Mà \(\cos \left( {\overrightarrow u ;\overrightarrow v } \right) = \dfrac{{\overrightarrow u .\overrightarrow v }}{{\left| {\overrightarrow u } \right|.\left| {\overrightarrow v } \right|}}\)

\(\begin{array}{l} \Rightarrow \cos {45^0} = \dfrac{{1.1 + 1.0 - 2.m}}{{\sqrt {{1^2} + {1^2} + {{\left( { - 2} \right)}^2}} .\sqrt {{1^2} + {0^2} + {m^2}} }}\\ \Leftrightarrow \dfrac{1}{{\sqrt 2 }} = \dfrac{{1 - 2m}}{{\sqrt 6 .\sqrt {1 + {m^2}} }} \Leftrightarrow \sqrt {6\left( {1 + {m^2}} \right)}  = \sqrt 2 \left( {1 - 2m} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}6\left( {1 + {m^2}} \right) = 2{\left( {1 - 2m} \right)^2}\\1 - 2m \ge 0\end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}6 + 6{m^2} = 2\left( {1 - 4m + 4{m^2}} \right)\\m \le \dfrac{1}{2}\end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}6 + 6{m^2} = 2 - 8m + 8{m^2}\\m \le \dfrac{1}{2}\end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}2{m^2} - 8m - 4 = 0\\m \le \dfrac{1}{2}\end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}m = 2 \pm \sqrt 6 \\m \le \dfrac{1}{2}\end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow m = 2 - \sqrt 6 \end{array}\)