Trong phân tử M2X có tổng số hạt p,n,e là 140. Trong đó số hạt mang điện tích nhiều hơn số hạt không mang điện tích là 44 hạt. Số khối của M lớn hơn số khối của X là 23. Tổng số hạt p,n,e trong nguyên tử M nhiều hơn nghuyên tử X là 34 hạt. Xác định công thức phân tử M2X

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Đáp án:

Giải thích các bước giải: _Tổng số hạt trong M2X là 140:

=>2[2P(M) + N(M)] + 2P(X) + N(X) = 140

<=>4P(M) + 2P(X) + 2N(M) + N(X) = 140(1)

_Số hạt mang điện nhiều hơn không mang điện là 44:

=>4P(M) + 2P(X) - [2N(M) + N(X)] = 44(2)

_Số khối của M{+} nhiều hơn X{2-} là 23:

=>P(M) + N(M) - [P(X) + N(X)] = 23

<=>P(M) - P(X) + N(M) - N(X) = 23(3)

_Tổng số hạt trong M{+} nhiều hơn trong X{2-} là 31:

=>2P(M) + N(M) - 1 - [2P(X) + N(X) + 2] = 31

<=>2[P(M) - P(X)] + N(M) - N(X) = 34(4)

Lấy (1) + (2):

=>8P(M) + 4P(X) = 184(5)

Lấy (4) - (3):

=>P(M) - P(X) = 11(6)

Từ(5)(6) => P(M) = 19 ; P(X) = 8

Vậy M là kali(K) , X là oxi(O)

=>M2X là K2O.

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