In most lines of the text, there is one unnecessary word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the sense of the test. Underline this word and write the correction, or put a tick (P) in the gap if a line is correct. COMMUNICATION Managers spend most of their time communicating-reading, and writing 0.… and…….. talking or listening - yet the evidence is that they do not always do this   00 …P…. … as successfully. One reason that has been suggested for this is that, in the 26. ..........…... past, communication was regarded as a natural process, not been taught 27. ..........…… in any formal sense. This theory has been changing, and with the concept 28. ..........…… of communication as an “art” now appears regularly in the management 29. ..........…… courses and seminars. Communication is probably only one of the least 30. ..........……. appreciated aspects of management, and more and more organizations are 31. ..........…..... realizing that effective communication involves telling staff why all things 32. ..........….... are happening. This not only helps day-to-day working but allows changes 33. ..........….... to be introduced more smoothly, and sometimes leads to improvements for   34. ..........….... being mentioned by staff. Both the morale and efficiency of an organization   35. ................ are depend to a great extent on the abilities of its staff to communicate   36. ..........…… effectively. Communication is not something that should be undertaken   37. .................. only when trouble occurs. It should be a daily habit if the organization is   38. ..........….... to run smoothly and avoid difficulties and, of course, it should be both a   39. ..........…… two-way process, involving listening to as well as talking. Regular             40. ..........…… exchanges of ideas between managers and staff will help to create good teamwork V. Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line. FIVE WAYS TO IMPROVE YOUR MEMORY         * Pay better attention at the time. Rehearse the information (41)..................   . IMMEDIATE   afterwards, allowing (42).................... longer gaps between each                                INCREASE (43) ....................... Thus, when you hear a name, say it to yourself, then say it                 REPEAT again a minute later, and so on.         * Tax your brain in a (44) ........................... of ways. One researcher found that          VARY rats (45)......................... interesting things to do had better memories than bored rats            GIVE         * Attach meaning to memory - the more (46) .................. an event is, the better     SIGNIFY it will be remembered.         * Attach what you want to remember to something already familiar     to you. Let’s say you need to remember ten words; start by (47) ........................            MEMORY things that are well-known to you (48) ....................... , such as objects in your                PERSON         house, then associate one of the words with each.         *Have(49)........................ in your ability to remember things around you.             CONFIDE Don’t (50) ............... your brain.                                                                           ESTIMATE