Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passage. Use only one word in each space. incomes service earnings bartenders occupation workforce compared gender inequality reinforcement Gender Equality in the United States of America In the United States, the gender earnings ratio suggests that there has been an increase in women's earnings (1) ____________________to men. Men’s plateau in earnings began after the 1970s, allowing for the increase in women's wages to close the ratio between (2) ____________________.Despite the smaller ratio between men and women's wages, disparity still exists. Census data suggests that women's earnings are 71 percent of men's (3) ____________________in 1999. As women entered the (4) ____________________in larger numbers since the 1960s, occupations have become segregated based on the level of femininity or masculinity associated with each (5) ___ ____________________.Census data suggests that some occupations have become more gender integrated (mail carriers, (6) ____________________. bus drivers, and real estate agents). In other areas, however, the reverse is true: occupations such as teachers, nurses, secretaries, and librarians have become femaledominated while occupations including architects, electrical engineers, and airplane pilots remain predominately male in composition. Women seem to occupy jobs in the (7) ____________________sector at higher rates then men. Women's overrepresentation in these jobs as opposed to jobs that require managerial work acts as a (8) ____________________of women and men into traditional (9) ____________________role that might influence persisting gender (10) ____________________.

2 câu trả lời

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1. compared : so sánh


2. incomes : thu nhập


3. earnings ~ tiền lương


4. workforce : lực lượng lao đônjg


5. occupation : nghề nghiệp


6. bartenders ~ nhân viên pha chế


7. service ~ dịch vụ/phục vụ


8. reinforcement ~ sự củng cố/tăng cường


9. gender : giới tính


10. inequality ~ không bình đẳng

In the United States, the gender earnings ratio suggests that there has been an increase in women's earnings (1) compared to men. Men’s plateau in earnings began after the 1970s, allowing for the increase in women's wages to close the ratio between (2) incomes. Despite the smaller ratio between men and women's wages, disparity still exists. Census data suggests that women's earnings are 71 percent of men's (3) earnings in 1999.

As women entered the (4) workforce in larger numbers since the 1960s, occupations have become segregated based on the level of femininity or masculinity associated with each (5) occupation. Census data suggests that some occupations have become more gender integrated (mail carriers, (6) bartenders, bus drivers, and real estate agents). In other areas, however, the reverse is true: occupations such as teachers, nurses, secretaries, and librarians have become female-dominated while occupations including architects, electrical engineers, and airplane pilots remain predominately male in composition. Women seem to occupy jobs in the (7) service sector at higher rates than men. Women's overrepresentation in these jobs as opposed to jobs that require managerial work acts as a (8) reinforcement of women and men into traditional (9) gender roles that might influence persisting gender (10) inequality.