Khử hoàn toàn 8 g một oxit kim loại thì cần dùng vừa đủ 3,36(l) CO. Đem toàn bộ lượng kim loại thu được cho tác dụng với dung dịch HCl, sau phản ứng thu được 2,24 (l) H2. Tìm công thức và gọi tên oxit trên. Biết thể tích các chất khí đều đo ở đktc.

2 câu trả lời

Đặt KL là M có hóa trị $x(x>0)$

$PTHH:M_2O_x+xCO\xrightarrow{t^o}2M+xCO_2$

$n_{CO}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15(mol)$

Theo PT: $n_{M_2O_x}=\dfrac{n_{CO}}{x}=\dfrac{0,15}{x}$

$\Rightarrow M_{M_2O_x}=\dfrac{8}{\dfrac{0,15}{x}}=\dfrac{160x}{3}$

$\Rightarrow 2.M_M+16x=\dfrac{160x}{3}$

$\Rightarrow M_M=\dfrac{56x}{3}$

Với $x=3\Rightarrow M_M=56(g/mol)$

Vậy M là sắt (Fe) và CTHH oxit là $Fe_2O_3$

Đáp án:

 

Giải thích các bước giải:

 Gọi oxit là `R_2O_n`

`R_2O_n` + `nCO` → 2R + `nCO_2`

2R + 2`n`HCl → 2`RCl_n` + `nH_2`

`n_{H_2}` = $\frac{2,24}{22,4}$ = 0,1 mol 

`n_{CO}` = $\frac{3,36}{22,4}$ = 0,15 mol 

`n_{R_2O_n}` = $\frac{n_{CO}}{n}$ = $\frac{0,15}{n}$ mol 

`M_{R_2O_n}` = $\frac{8}{\frac{0,15}{n}}$ = $\frac{160}{3}$ `n` g/mol

     `M_{R_2O_n}` = 2`M_R` +  `nM_O`

<=> $\frac{160}{3}$ `n` = 2`M_R` + `16n`

<=> `M_R` = $\frac{56n}{3}$ 

`n` = 1 → `M_R` = 18,67 g/mol ( loại ) 

`n`= 2  →`M_R` = 40 g/mol  ( loại ) 

`n` = 3 → `M_R` = 56 g/mol ( nhận ) 

Nếu `n` = 2 → `M_R` = 40g/mol → R là Ca, oxit của Ca không bị khử, không thoả mãn

Vậy R là Fe, CTHH oxit là `Fe_2O_3`

Chúc bạn học tốt #aura

 

Câu hỏi trong lớp Xem thêm

II. Choose the word or phrase that best completes each unfinished sentence below. 6. Radioactive pollution is increasing the increased use of radioactivity. A. as B. since C. because of D. because 7. Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people the same language? A. spoke B. speak C. had spoken D. will speak 8. Unless you all of my questions, I can’t do anything to help you. A. answered B. answer C. would answer D. are answering 9. Singapore is famous for its …………. streets and green trees. A. cleanliness B. cleanly C. cleaning D. clean 10. If someone into the store, smile and say, “May I help you?” A. comes B. came C. come D. should come 11. It was said that the fish died a powerful toxin in the sea water. A. because of B. because C. since D. as a result 12. “Here’s my phone number”. “Thanks. I’ll give you a call if I some help tomorrow” A. will need B. need C. would need D. needed 13. is the festival celebrated? – Every year. A. When B. How often C. How D. What 14. The death rate would decrease if hygienic conditions improved. A. was B. is C. were D. had been 15. On Christmas Eve, most big cities, especially London are _______ with coloured lights across the streets and enormous Christmas trees. A. decorated B. hang C. put D. made 16. If she him, she would be very happy. A. would meet B. will meet C. met D. should meet 17. Nga is a beautiful girl; ______ , she’s kind - hearted. A. therefore B. however C. moreover D. otherwise 18. If I had enough money, I abroad to improve my English. A. will go B. would go C. went D. should have go to 19. She has read interesting book. A. a B. an C. the D. Ø 20. If it convenient, let’s go out for a drink tonight. A. be B. is C. was D. were

0 lượt xem
1 đáp án
35 phút trước