Hoàn thành sơ đồ phản ứng sau : a, KMnO4 -> Cl2 ->FeCl3 ->Fe(OH)3->FeCl3->FeCl2 ->Fe(NO3)2 B, NaCl->Cl2 -> NaCl -> HCl -> HNO3 C MnO2 -> Cl2 -> AlCl2 -> Al(OH)2 -< Al2O3 D K2Cr2O7 -> Cl2 -> KClO3 -> KCl -> Cl2 -> HCl ->NaCl -> NaOH-> NaClI E HCl -> FeCl2 -> Fe(OH)2 -> Fe2O3 -> FeCl3 Fe(NO3)3

Đáp án:

$a/$

$2KMnO4 + 16HClđ -to-> 2KCl + 2MnO2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O$

$2Fe + 3Cl2 -to-> 2FeCl3$

$FeCl3 + 3NaOH --> Fe(OH)3 + 3NaCl$

$Fe(OH)3 + 3HCl --> FeCl3 + 3H2O$

$Fe + 2FeCl3 --> 3FeCl2$

$FeCl2 + 2AgNO3 --> Fe(NO3)2 + 2AgCl$ 

$b/$

$2NaCl + 2H2O -$$đpdd có màn ngăn$$-> 2NaOH + H2 + Cl2$

$2Na + Cl2 -to-> 2NaCl$

$2NaCl + H2SO4đ -to-> Na2SO4 + 2HCl$ 

$HCl + AgNO3 --> AgCl + HNO3$

$c/$

$MnO2 + 4HCl -to-> MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O$

$2Al + 3Cl2 -to-> 2AlCl3$

$AlCl3 + 3NaOH --> Al(OH)3 + 3NaCl$

$2Al(OH)3 -to-> Al2O3 + 3H2O$

$d/$

$14HClđ + K2Cr2O7 -to-> 2KCl + 2CrCl3 + 3Cl2 + 7H2O$ 

$3Cl2 + 6KOH -to-> KClO3 + 5KCl + 3H2O$

$2KClO3 -to-> 2KCl + 3O2$

$2KCl + 2H2O -$$đpdd có màn ngăn$$-> 2KOH + H2 + Cl2$

$Cl2 + H2 - as -> 2HCl$

$2HCl + Na -> 2NaCl + H2$

$2NaCl + 2H2O -$$đpdd có màn ngăn$$-> 2NaOH + H2 + Cl2$

$NaOH + HCl -> NaCl + H2O$

$e/$

$Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2$

$FeCl2 + 2NaOH  --> Fe(OH)2 + 2NaCl$

$4Fe(OH)2 + O2 -to-> 2Fe2O3 + 4H2O$

$Fe2O3 + 6HCl --> 2FeCl3 + 3H2O$

$FeCl3 + 3AgNO3 --> Fe(NO3)3 + 3AgCl$

a. 2KMnO4 + 16HCl đặc -to-> 2KCl + 2MnO2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O

2Fe + 3Cl2 -to-> 2FeCl3

FeCl3 + 3NaOH -> Fe(OH)3 + 3NaCl

Fe(OH)3 + 3HCl -> FeCl3 + 3H2O

2FeCl3 + Fe -> 3FeCl2

FeCl2 + 2AgNO3 -> Fe(NO3)2 + 2AgCl 

b. 2NaCl + 2H2O -đpdd có màn ngăn-> 2NaOH + H2 + Cl2

Cl2 + 2Na -to-> 2NaCl

 2NaCl(rắn) + H2SO4(đặc) -to-> Na2SO4 + 2HCl 

HCl + AgNO3 -> AgCl + HNO3

c. MnO2 + 4HCl đặc - đun nhẹ-> MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O

3Cl2 +2 Al -to-> 2AlCl3

AlCl3 + 3NaOH -> Al(OH)3 + 3NaCl

2Al(OH)3 -to-> Al2O3 + 3H2O

d. 14HCl đặc+K2Cr2O7 -to->3Cl2+7H2O+2KCl+2CrCl3

3Cl2 + 6KOH -to-> KClO3 + 5kcl + 3H2O

2KClO3 -to,xt-> 2KCl + 3O2

2KCl + 2H2O -đpdd có màn ngăn-> 2KOH + H2 + Cl2

Cl2 + H2 - ánh sáng -> 2HCl

2HCl + Na -> 2NaCl + H2

2NaCl + 2H2O -đpdd có màn ngăn-> 2NaOH + H2 + Cl2

NaOH + HCl -> NaCl + H2O

e. 2HCl + Fe -> FeCl2 + H2

FeCl2 + 2NaOH  -> Fe(OH)2 + 2NaCl

4Fe(OH)2 + O2 -to-> 2Fe2O3 + 4H2O

Fe2O3 + 6HCl -> 2FeCl3 + 3H2O

FeCl3 + 3AgNO3 -> Fe(NO3)3 + 3AgCl