Đốt cháy hoàn toàn 15,6 gam hỗn hợp gồm Mg và Ag trong không khí thu được 18,8 g hỗn hợp chất rắn. a) viết PTHH xảy ra b) tính thể tích không khí cần dùng ở đktc biết rằng thể tích oxi chiếm 20% thể tích không khí c) tính thành phần phần trăm các kim loại trong hỗn hợp ban đầu

2 câu trả lời

`#nam`

`a)`

`Ag` không phản ứng nên chỉ có `1` `PTHH :`

`2Mg+O_2` $\xrightarrow{t^o}$ `2MgO`

`=>m_{O_2}=m_{hh}-m_{muối}=18,8-15,6=3,2(gam)`

`=>n_{O_2}=(3,2)/(32)=0,1(mol)`

`b)`

`=>V_{O_2}=n.22,4=22,4.0,1=2,24(lít)`

`=>V_{kk}=4,48.5=11,2(lít)`

`c)`

Ta có : `n_{Mg}=2n_{O_2}=0,2(mol)`

`=>m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8(gam)`

`=>%m_{Mg}=(4,8.100)/(15,6)~~30,77(%)`

`=>%m_{Ag}=100-30,77=69,23(%)`

Đáp án:

$\rm a)$ $\rm 2Mg+O_2\xrightarrow{t^o}2MgO$ 

$\rm b)$ $\rm V_{kk}=11,2\ (l)$

$\rm c)$

$\rm \%m_{Mg}=30,8\%$

$\rm \%m_{Ag}=69,2\%$

Giải thích các bước giải:

$\rm a)$ $\rm Ag$ không bị oxi hóa trong không khí dù ở nhiệt độ cao.

$\rm PTHH:$

$\rm 2Mg+O_2\xrightarrow{t^o}2MgO$ 

$\rm b)$

Bảo toàn khối lượng:

$\rm m_{hh\ kl}+m_{O_2}=m_{hh\ rắn}$

$\rm \to m_{O_2}=m_{hh\ rắn}-m_{hh\ kl}=18,8-15,6=3,2\ (g)$

$\rm n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3,2}{32}=0,1\ (mol)$

$\rm \to V_{kk}=V_{O_2}.5=0,1.22,4.5=11,2\ (l)$

$\rm c)$

Theo PTHH: $\rm n_{Mg}=2n_{O_2}=0,2\ (mol)$

$\rm \to m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8\ (g)$

$\rm \to \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{15,6}.100\%=30,8\%$

$\rm \to \%m_{Ag}=100\%-30,8\%=69,2\%$

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