Đốt cháy hoàn toàn 1 kg than chứa 90% cacbon và 10% tạp chất không cháy. Tính khối lượng không khí cần dùng và khối lượng CO2 sinh ra, biết rằng V không khí = 5VO2

2 câu trả lời

Đáp án:

$m_{CO_2}: 3,3kg$

$m_{kk}=10,875g$

Giải thích các bước giải:

Ta có PTHH sau:
$C+O_2$ $\xrightarrow{t^o}$ $CO_2$

Cứ $12kg$ than tác dụng với $32kg$ oxi tạo ra $44kg$ $CO_2$

Vậy cứ $\dfrac{1.90}{100}kg$ than tác dụng với oxi tạo ra $xkg CO_2$

$\rightarrow$ $x=\dfrac{0,9.44}{12}=3,3kg$

Vậy thu được khối lượng $CO_2$ là $3,3kg$

Bảo toàn khối lượng: $m_{O_2}=m_{CO_2}-m_C$

Vậy $m_{O_2}=3,3-0,9=2,4g$

$\rightarrow$ $n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2,4}{32}=0,075$ mol

Mà $V_{kk}=5.V{O_2}$ nên $n_{kk}=5.n_{O_2}=0,075.5=0,375$ mol

Vậy $m_{kk}=0,375.29=10,875g$

Đáp án:

 

Giải thích các bước giải:

Trong 5kg than chứa 90% cacbon => mC nguyên chất = 5.90% = 4,5 kg = 4500 gam

=> Số mol C là: nC=450012=375mol

PTHH:       C      +      O2  →to CO2

Tỉ lệ PT:  1mol         1mol

P/ứng:     375mol → 375 mol

=> Thể tích khí oxi cần dùng là: VO2=22,4.n=22,4.375=8400 lít

Vì oxi chiếm 1/5 thể tích không khí => Vkk=5.VO2=5.8400=42000 lít

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