Cho 2,7 gam Al tác dụng với dung dịch HCl theo sơ đồ phản ứng sau: Al + HCl AlCl3 + H2 a. Lập PTHH xảy ra. Hãy tính b. Thể tích khí H2 thu được ở đktc. c. Khối lượng HCl phản ứng. d. Khối lượng AlCl3 tạo thành.

2 câu trả lời

Đáp án:

`a, PTHH :`

`2Al +6HCl -> 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2`

`b, n_(Al) = (2,7)/27 = 0,1 mol`

Theo `PT :`

`-> n_(H_2) = 0,1 xx 3 : 2 = 0,15 mol`

`-> V_(H_2) = 0,15 . 22,4 = 3,36l`

`c,` Từ `PT:`

`-> n_(HCl) = 0,1 xx 6 : 2 = 0,3 mol`

`-> m_(HCl) = 0,3 . 36,5 = 10,95gam`

`d,` Từ `PT :`

`-> n_(AlCl_3) = 0,1 xx 2 : 2 = 0,1 mol`

`-> m_(AlCl_3) = 0,1 . 133,5 = 13,35 gam`

Giải thích các bước giải:

Số mol của 2,7g `Al` là:

`n_(Al)=(2,7)/(27)=0,1` `(mol)`

a,PTHH:  `2Al`      `+`      `6HCl`      `->`      `2AlCl_3`      `+`      `3H_2`

Theo PT:2 mol__________6 mol______________2 mol____________3 mol

Theo ĐB:0,1 mol_____0,3 mol__________0,1 mol________0,15 mol

b,Thể tích của `0,15` mol khí `H_2` thu được ở đktc là:

`V_(H_2)=22,4×0,15=3,36` `(l)`

c,Khối lượng của 0,74 mol `HCl` phản ứng là:

`m_(HCl)=0,3×36,5=10,95` `(g)`

d, Khối lượng của `0,1` mol `AlCl_3` tạo thành là:

`m_(AlCl_3)=0,1×133,5=13,35` `(g)`

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