Bài 1: Cho 4,6 gam kim loại Na tác dụng vừa đủ với dung dịch axit HCL A, Tính thể tích khí H2 sinh ra ở đktc B, Tính khối lượng NaCl tạo thành Bài2: Đốt cháy hoàn toàn khí CH4 trong không khí thấy tạo ra khí 5,6l CO2 ở đktc và H2O A, tính khối lượng khí CH4 B, tính thể tích không khí cần dùng biết VO2=21% Vkk

2 câu trả lời

Bài 1:

$n_{Na}=\dfrac{4,6}{23}=0,2(mol)$

Khi cho $Na$ vào dung dịch $HCl$ sẽ xảy ra 2 phản ứng sau:

$PTHH:2Na+2H_2O\to 2NaOH+H_2(2)$

$NaOH+HCl\to NaCl+H_2O(1)$

$a,$ Theo $PT(1):n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}=0,1(mol)$

$\Rightarrow V_{H_2(đktc)}=0,1.22,4=2,24(l)$

$b,$ Theo $PT(1);(2):n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,2(mol)$

$\Rightarrow m_{NaCl}=0,2.58,5=11,7(g)$

Bài 2:

$a,PTHH:CH_4+2O_2\xrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O$

$n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25(mol)$

Theo PT: $n_{CH_4}=n_{CO_2}=0,25(mol)$

$\Rightarrow m_{CH_4}=0,25.16=4(g)$

$b,$ Theo PT: $n_{O_2}=2n_{CO_2}=0,5(mol)$

$\Rightarrow V_{O_2(đktc)}=0,5.22,4=11,2(l)$

$\Rightarrow V_{kk}=\dfrac{11,2}{21\%}\approx 53,33(l)$

Giải thích các bước giải:

1.

`n_{Na} = (4,6)/23 = 0,2` (mol)

PTHH: `2Na + 2HCl -> 2NaCl + H_2`

a,

Theo PTHH, `n_{H_2} = 1/2 . n_{Na} = 1/2 . 0,2 = 0,1` (mol)

`V_{H_2}` (đktc) `= 22,4 . 0,1 = 2,24` (l)

b,

Theo PTHH, `n_{NaCl} = n_{Na} = 0,2` (mol)

`m_{NaCl} = 0,2 . (23 + 35,5) = 11,7` (g)

2.

`n_{CO_2} = (5,6)/(22,4) = 0,25` (mol)

PTHH: `CH_4 + 2O_2` $\xrightarrow{t^o}$ `CO_2 + 2H_2 O`

a,

Theo PTHH, `n_{CH_4} = n_{CO_2} = 0,25` (mol)

`m_{CH_4} = 0,25 . (12 + 1 . 4) = 4` (g)

b,

Theo PTHH, `n_{O_2} = 2n_{CO_2} = 0,25 . 2 = 0,5` (mol)

`V_{O_2}` (đktc) `= 22,4 . 0,5 = 11,2` (l)

`V_{kk} = 11,2 : 21% ≈ 53,3` (l)

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