Chúng tôi xin giới thiệu bài tập Tiếng Anh lớp 12 mới Unit 2: Urbanization có đáp án, lời giải chi tiết, chọn lọc. Tài liệu có nội dung bám sát chương trình sgk Tiếng Anh 12 chương trình thí điểm. Hi vọng với bộ tài liệu Tiếng Anh 12 mới có đáp án này sẽ giúp bạn ôn luyện kiến thức để đạt kết quả cao trong bài thi môn Tiếng Anh 12 sắp tới.
Bài tập Tiếng Anh 12 mới Unit 2: Urbanization
A. PHONETICS
I. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
1. A. decrease
B. facilitate
C. fluctuate
D. ensure
2. A. propose
B. summarize
C. centralize
D. illustrate
3. A. transformation
B. urbanization
C. revolution
D. population
4. A. agricultural
B. unemployed
C. sustainable
D. economic
5. A. miserable
B. infrastructure
C. amenity
D. necessary
Đáp án:
|
1.C |
2.A |
3.B |
4.C |
5.C |
II. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. prestige
B. connect
C. harvest
D. congestion
2. A. housing
B. crisis
C. cost
D. custom
3. A. navigate
B. necessitate
C. inadequate
D. debate
4. A. muzzle
B. lizard
C. pizza
D. puzzle
5. A. bargain
B. campaign
C. ascertain
D. complain
Đáp án:
|
1.C |
2.A |
3.C |
4.C |
5.A |
B. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
I. Give the correct form of the words in the following sentences.
1. Since the renovation policy launched in 1986, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, has experienced the fastest _____________ process. URBAN
2. There has been a rapid _____________ of rural people to urban areas for jobs and better living. MIGRATE
3. Urbanization promotes foreign direct ________ which in turn helps in improving the foreign exchange reserves of the country. INVEST
4. The support policies for social housing development in Vietnam remained __________ as only a few people were lucky enough to be able to get access to preferential loans. EFFECT
5. Several international organizations want to invest in social ________________ development for the youth in Vietnam. HOUSE
6. At the moment, finding solutions for __________ urban development is one of Vietnam's current top priorities. SUSTAIN
7. Urban __________ must rely on the rural hinterland for agricultural production. DWELL
8. As the world continues to ________, sustainable development depends increasingly on the successful management of urban growth. URBAN
9. A city that grows without these structures in place is at high risk for poverty and _____________.STABLE
10. The disease is common in developing countries lacking adequate sewage and sanitation ____________. FACILITATE
11. Some people worry that the city has become _________. POPULATE
12. Since the number of people aspiring for jobs is more than jobs available, ________ is a natural outcome of situation. EMPLOY
Đáp án:
|
1. urbanization |
7. dwellers |
|
2. migration |
8. urbanize |
|
3. investment |
9. instability |
|
4. ineffective |
10. facilities |
|
5. housing |
11. overpopulated |
|
6. sustainable |
12. unemployment |
II. Choose the correct words in the box to complete the sentences.
metropolis; relatively; ticking; density;
ranking; slums; productivity; urbanization
1. The ________________ of population is quite high in urban areas.
2. Rich countries, despite having solved all their basic needs, experience a similar accumulation of social pressure as if it was a ____________ time bomb.
3. If Nigeria's population continues to grow and people move to cities at the same rate as now, Lagos could become the world's largest ______________, home to 85 or 100 million people.
4. Nearly half of the world's 3.9 billion urban dwellers reside in ____________ small settlements with fewer than 500,000 inhabitants.
5. With nearly 38 million people, Tokyo tops UN's ____________ of most populous cities followed by Delhi, Shanghai, Mexico City, São Paulo and Mumbai.
6. __________ are urban areas that are heavily populated with substandard housing and very poor living conditions.
Đáp án:
|
1. density |
2. ticking |
3. metropolis |
|
4. relatively |
5. ranking |
6. slums |
III. Choose the correct answer that best completes each of the following sentences.
1. Due to industrialization, many changes were ____ in people's daily lives.
A. kept B. got
C. maintained D. made
2. Urbanization is happening at such a brisk rate that the government is planning entire new cities in ____ of large new urban populations.
A. expectation B. anticipation
C. danger D. view
3. The rapid ____ of rural population to urban places give rise to housing problem and thus slums are developed in these places.
A. increase B. rushes
C. inflows D. poverty
4. The increase in population in urban places ____ water and sanitation facilities, which results ____ environmental pollution and health hazards.
A. destroys - from
B. breaks - into
C. pressurizes - in
D. decreases - on
5. Slums are urban areas that are ____ populated with substandard housing and very poor living conditions.
A. thinly B. thickly
C. crowdedly D. heavily
6. Unemployment and poverty force people to ____ in anti-social activities.
A. include B. engage
C. take D. oppose
7. Due to dumping of sewage from factories in water bodies, water pollution often results ____ of epidemics.
A. breakout
B. outbreaks
C. out breakings
D. breaking outs
8. Access to education, health, social services and cultural activities is more ____ available to people in cities than in villages.
A. readily
B. willingly
C. extremely
D. comparatively
9. The public authority of Ho Chi Minh City is going to be ____ problems of urban planning and management.
A. come up with
B. addressed with
C. contented with
D. got into
10. Vietnam is facing numerous challenges caused by rapid urbanization, leaving burdens on its technical and social ____.
A. appliance B. facilities
C. equipment D. infrastructure
11. Vietnam needs to ____ its urbanization opportunities to become a middle income country.
A. get B. seize
C. make use D. exploit
12. Drastic measures to boost housing development should be ____ to prevent properly market ____ becoming a boom.
A. initiated - from
B. launched - for
C. complemented - against
D. conducted - to
13. The support policies for social housing development in Vietnam remained ineffective as only a few people were lucky enough to get ____ to preferential loans.
A. entrance B. method
C. access D. approach
14. Although the UK is an urban society, more and more people are choosing to ____ to the countryside.
A. distribute B. relocate
C. apply D. reach
15. In the absence of adequate medical services, congestion and poor sanitation in big cities may cause health ____.
A. danger B. disadvantages
C. demerits D. hazards
16. The United Nations estimates that 1.1 billion people have no access to fresh water and 2.4 billion lack access to adequate ____.
A. sanitation B. facilities
C. equipment D. congestion
17. In order to deal with problems including waste and water treatment and public transportation, developing smart cities will be the ____ such challenges.
A. means of coping with
B. key to meeting
C. approach to obtaining
D. remedy for getting into
18. The government of Vietnam has given ____ to developing the digital industry, smart tourism, and agriculture by 2020.
A. preference B. priority
C. advantage D. discrimination
19. There is a heavy ____ on private transport that has led to the congestion of roads and increasing commuting time and pollution
A. base B. independence
C. reliance D. lean
20. It is impolite that you ____ there when he gets off the plane.
A. be not standing
B. been not standing
C. not be standing
D. not been standing
21. They hope to ____ a cure for the disease.
A. catch up on B. come up with
C. fill up with D. go out with
22. Although it was more than an hour late, the superstar finally showed up and ____ the attention of the audience,
A. grabbed B. held
C. paid D. took
23. Don't worry. We're in good time; there's ____ to hurry.
A. impossible B. no need
C. no purpose D. unnecessary
24. Overpopulation in urban areas tends to create unfavorable conditions, which may result in ____ of food in developing countries,
A. damages B. failures
C. shortage D. supplies
25. Urbanization can bring social health and benefit; ____, it also has its drawback.
A. by the way B. furthermore
C. however D. moreover
Đáp án:
|
1.D |
2.B |
3.C |
4.C |
5.D |
|
6.B |
7.B |
8.A |
9.C |
10.D |
|
11.B |
12.A |
13.C |
14.B |
15.D |
|
16.A |
17.B |
18.B |
19.C |
20.C |
|
21.B |
22.A |
23.B |
24.C |
25.C |
IV. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.
1. Linda insisted that the newly-born baby ____ after her husband's father.
A. could be named
B. be named
C. must be named
D. ought to be named
2. It was such a beautiful evening that one of us suggested we ____ the meeting outside.
A. could have B. had
C. might have D. have
3. I requested that first-year students ____ to change their courses in the first two weeks.
A. would be permitted
B. be permitted
C. were permitted
D. are permitted
4. His advisor recommended that he ____ at least three courses each semester
A. takes B. can take
C. should take D. would take
5. It is important that he ____ to the director of the programme.
A. should speak B. speak
C. would speak D. speaks
6. It's important that they ____ to take her medicine twice a day.
A. remember B. remembering
C. to remember D. remembers
7. I suggest that Frank ____ the instructions carefully before playing that game.
A. reading B. to read
C. read D. reads
8. Mrs. Smith demanded that the heater ____ immediately. Her apartment was freezing.
A. repaired B. be repaired
C. repair D. to repair
9. It's vital that the United States ____ on improving its public education system.
A. focuses B. focus
C. focusing D. focused
10. The monk insisted that the tourists ____ the temple until they had removed their shoes.
A. not entering B. not to enter
C. not enter D. don't enter
Đáp án:
|
1.C |
2.D |
3.B |
4.C |
5.B |
|
6.A |
7.C |
8.B |
9.B |
10.C |
V. Indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
1. Urbanization brings with it several consequences - both adverse and beneficial.
A. negative B. favorable
C. advantageous D. preferential
2. The quality of urban water bodies is increasingly exacerbated by a huge volume of untreated industrial and domestic wastewater.
A. added B. decreased
C. reduced D. aggravated
3. A city that grows too quickly can also experience an array of environmental issues.
A. variety B. proportion
C. rate D. pace
4. Low-income dwellers are generally living in older areas of modern cities, which are well known for poor sanitation, lack of health facilities and basic amenities.
A. aid B. facilities
C. resource D. place
5. India is facing a house shortage in urban areas at the moment and more housing would be required in order to meet future demand.
A. encounter B. introduce
C. fulfill D. stumble
6. A smart sustainable city will meet the needs of present and future generations with respect to economic, social and environmental aspects.
A. in addition to B. according to
C. with regard to D. with a view to
7. As cities grew more crowded, and often more impoverished and costly, more and more people began to migrate back out of them.
A. well-off B. rich
C. penniless D. fertile
8. Urbanization spurs a unique set of issues to both humans and animals.
A. stimulates B. prevents
C. varies D. descends
9. Automobile exhaust produces elevated lead levels in urban air.
A. humble B. lowly
C. diminished D. uplifted
10. Urban development can magnify the risk of environmental hazards such as flash flooding.
A. understate
B. minimize
C. exaggerate
D. reduce
Đáp án:
|
1.A |
2.D |
3.A |
4.B |
5.C |
|
6.C |
7.C |
8.A |
9.D |
10.C |
VI. Indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
1. Urbanization has many adverse effects on the structure of society as gigantic concentrations of people compete for limited resources.
A. favorable
B. disadvantageous
C. unlucky
D. unpropitious
2. The absence of effective and representative government exacerbates urban environmental health problems.
A. aggravate B. heighten
C. reduce D. magnify
3. Most of the world's largest cities are considerably smaller by the year 2000 than had been expected.
A. substantially B. slightly
C. significantly D. greatly
4. Cities are like magnets, with the potential to take care of everything from the most basic needs to the most intangible desires.
A. impalpable B. invisible
C. indefinable D. clear
5. The proportion between public and private space in such spontaneous urbanization is invariably less than 1:10.
A. never
B. regularly
C. habitually
D. dependably
6. Many people move to urban areas seeking for job opportunity as well as stable employment.
A. temporary B. firm
C. steady D. substantial
7. His decision had been made on the spur of the moment.
A. all of a sudden
B. out of the blue
C. unexpectedly
D. predictably
8. Unregulated, unplanned urban sprawl is often the cheapest option in the short run - but the long-run costs to society, the economy and the environment can be dire.
A. positive B. terrible
C. dreadful D. distressing
9. The police finally arrested the notorious criminal.
A. respectable
B. serious
C. infamous
D. gentle
10. The indiscriminate use of pesticides has wiped out many rare species.
A. uncritical B. unplanned
C. extensive D. methodical
Đáp án:
|
1.A |
2.C |
3.B |
4.D |
5.A |
|
6.A |
7.D |
8.A |
9.A |
10.D |
VII. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that needs correction.
1. Government should be used national resources in a more efficient way in order to meet the needs of growing populations.
A. be used
B. more efficient
C. in order to
D. needs
2. Because of urbanization continues, not only the infrastructure for health but also other social services in cities need improving.
A. Because of
B. not only
C. but also
D. need improving
3. The green belt is also getting real dense due to people moving out of the city too many.
A. is B. real
C. moving D. many
4. To accommodate the fastly growing population, the government must come up with a solution soon.
A. fastly B. must
C. with D. soon
5. The concentration of population may help to minimize our environmental impact on the planet and help cities designs policies and practices to prepare for the influx.
A. concentration B. on
C. designs D. practices
Đáp án:
|
1.A |
2.A |
3.D |
4.A |
5.C |
VIII. Indicate the correct response to each of the following exchanges.
1. Liz is telling Andrew about her first novel.
Liz. "Guess what? My first novel has just been published.” – Andrew. “____”
A. It's my pleasure.
B. Congratulations!
C. Better luck next time!
D. It's very kind of you.
2. Mrs. Smith and her students are visiting the zoo.
Mike. "Can I feed the gorilla, Mrs. Smith?" – Mrs. Smith. “____. The sign says 'No feeding the animals'.”
A. Of course you can
B. I don't think it works.
C. I'm sure about that.
D. I'm afraid not
3. Hung was invited to Hoa's party. He wants to thank her for the lovely party.
Hung: "Thank you very much for a lovely party." – Hoa: “____”
A. Thanks.
B. Have a good day!
C. You are welcome.
D. Cheers.
4. Tom: "I'm sorry, I won't be able to come". - Mary: “____.”
A. Great!
B. Oh, that's annoying
C. Well, never mind
D. Sounds likes fun
5. Tom: "Can you make it at 3 p.m on Friday for our meeting?" - Tony: “____”
A. OK, that's fine.
B. That's not true. I met him three days ago.
C. Very well, thanks.
D. You have a point there, but I don't think so.
6. Student: "Could you help me to fax this report?" - Librarian: “____’
A. Sorry I have no idea.
B. It's very kind of you to say so.
C. What rubbish! I don't think it's helpful.
D. Certainly. What's the fax number?
7. John was in Hanoi and wanted to send a parcel to his parents. He asked a local passer-by the way to the post-office. Choose the most suitable response to fill in the blank in the following exchange.
- John: "Can you show me the way to the nearest post office, please?" - Passer-by: “____”
A. Not way, sorry.
B. Just round the corner over there.
C. Look it up in a dictionary!
D. There's no traffic near here.
8. Lora has just bought a new skirt that she likes very much. Choose the most suitable response to fill in the blank in the following exchange.
- Jane: "You look great in that red skirt, Lora!" - Lora: “____”
A. No, I don't think so.
B. Oh, you don't like it, do you?
C. Thanks I bought it at Macy's.
D. Thanks, my mum bought it.
Đáp án:
|
1.B |
2.D |
3.C |
4.C |
|
5.A |
6.D |
7.B |
8.B |
C. READING
I. Choose the word or phrase from the box that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
especially; relies; which; infrastructure;
transform; environmentally
CITIES GOING GREEN
As more and more people concentrate in cities, planners are looking for ways to (1) _________cities into better living spaces. This can be done by improving existing (2) _____ while also creating more public spaces that are both beautiful and green. This can be hard to accomplish, (3) _____ in cities with a haphazard fashion.
Some cities have been created with the idea of a green city as the goal. One such city, Masdar City in the United Arab Emirates, aims to become a model for other cities to follow. It is being known as a truly green city that (4) ____ strictly on renewable sources such as solar energy to provide all of its energy needs. In addition, it will be a zero waste city in (5) ________ everything that is used can be recycled. Whether it will truly accomplish its goal remains to be seen, but it will also act as an experiment for (6) ________ -friendly areas to be tested.
Đáp án:
|
1. transform |
2. infrastructure |
3. especially |
|
4. relies |
5. which |
6. environmentally |
II. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
SUSTAINABLE CITIES: A CLEANER FUTURE
For the past few decades, there has been an urbanization trend around the world, where more and more people are moving to cities. Since 2009, the UN Habitat (1) ____ that over 3 million people are moving into cities every week. Urban areas have been an attractive destination for migrants in (2) ____ of finding a better job and a higher (3) ____ living.
While migrants contribute (4) ____ to the economies of cities, ever-increasing populations raise issues of congestion, (5) ____ of resources, and increased (6) ____ on waste management infrastructure, healthcare, and education. By 2050, it is estimated that 70% of the world's population will live in cities which makes the concept of Sustainable Cities an efficient (7) ____ the growing population.
(8) ____, Sustainable Cities have an essential role in the urbanization trend to improve residents lives by (9) ____ environmental initiatives and projects such as limiting CO2 gas emissions in the air, using renewable energy sources, or bringing awareness to environmental issues. With outdoor pollution killing over 3 million lives yearly, (10) ____ in cities, it is evident that urbanization can increase the environmental (11) ____ upon cities. Many cities around the world have redesigned their city planning strategies and commenced initiatives (12) ____ these issues directly.
1. A. estimates
B. expects
C. claims
D. counts
2. A. anticipation
B. hopes
C. view
D. possession
3. A. reason for
B. tax of
C. standard of
D. cost of
4. A. virtually
B. practically
C. immensely
D. annually
5. A. distribution
B. collection
C. reputation
D. solution
6. A garbage
B. pressure
C. demand
D. dependence
7. A. reaction to
B. resolution to
C. answer to
D. approach to
8. A. Therefore
B. Moreover
C. As regards
D. However
9. A. focusing on
B. depending on
C. developing on
D. putting on
10. A. the most
B. almost
C. equally
D. mostly
11. A. affect
B. cause
C. effect
D. drawback
12. A. to accept
B. to assault
C. to improve
D. to target
Đáp án:
|
1.A |
2.A |
3.C |
4.C |
|
5.A |
6.B |
7.B |
8.A |
|
9.A |
10.D |
11.C |
12.D |
III. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
burdens; than; proportion; for; enjoy;
grounds; stagnant; likely; with; prospects
AN UNCERTAIN URBAN FUTURE
Most publications discussing urban change predict that the world will continue to urbanise far into the future. Such projections should be viewed (1) _____ caution. A steady increase in urbanisation among low income nations is (2) _________ to occur only if they also have steadily growing economies. While we should hope that lower income nations achieve more buoyant economies, the current (3) _________ for most of them are hardly encouraging, with political instability, civil war, and large debt (4) _________.
There are also (5) ________ for doubting whether a large (6) ______ of the world's population will ever live in very large cities. In (7) __________ economies, urbanisation levels do not increase much. In successful economies much new investment is going to small or medium sized cities. In regions with advanced transport and communications systems, rural inhabitants and enterprises can (8) ________ standards of infrastructure and services and access to information that historically have been available only in urban areas. Thus, both low and high income nations may have smaller (9) _______ expected increases in the populations of their cities, although (10) _______ very different reasons.
Đáp án:
|
1. with |
2. likely |
3. prospects |
4. burdens |
5. grounds |
|
6. proportion |
7. stagnant |
8. enjoy |
9. than |
10. for |
D.WRITING
I. Rewrite the following sentences so that the second ones have the same meaning as the given sentence.
1. In the end, I felt I had been right about leaving him, we were just not suitable for each other.
I had no regrets ………………………………………………………….
2. "Get the hell out of my house now or I'll call the police!" said the angry widow to the bold intruder.
The angry widow threatened …………………………………………….
3. I only missed him when he left me for that girl.
Not until ………………………………………………………………….
4. I had just taken off my dirty clothes to go to bath when someone knocked at the door.
No sooner ……………………………………………………………….
Đáp án:
1. I had no regrets about leaving him, we were just not suitable for each other.
2. The angry widow threatened to call the police if the bold intruder didn’t get out of her house.
3.Not until he had left me for that girl did I miss him.
4. No sooner had I taken off my dirty clothes to go to bath than someone knocked at the door.
II. Rewrite the following sentences so that the second ones have the same meaning as the given sentence.
1. Although she was not very good-looking, the prince loved her at the very first sight.
Despite …………………………………………………………………
2. "Hey, what's that book you're addicted to these days?" Jane asked Jim.
Jane asked Jim …………………………………………………………
3. You'd better start revising from now on or you won't pass the exam.
It's high …………………………………………………………………
4. It was absolutely wrong of you to leave me stranded in that crowded room full of strangers like that.
You should ……………………………………………………………..
Đáp án:
1. Despite her not being very good-looking/ her not very good-looking appearance, the prince loved her at the very first sight.
2.Jane asked Jim what the book he was addicted to those days was.
3. It's high time you started revising or you won't pass the exam.
4. You should not have left me stranded in that crowded room full of strangers like that.
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Bài tập Unit 3: The green movement
