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1. Tom,________ sits next to me, is from Canada. A. whom B. which C. that D. who 2. The woman to ________ you talked yesterday is a professor at Oxford university. A. whom B. which C. whose D. that 3. He was the last person____________in this way. A. to be kill B. who killed C. being killed D. to be killed 4. The energy __________by the windmills drives all the drainage pumps. A. produced B. which produces C. producing D. that is producing 5. The amount of solar energy can be changed________ electricity. A. to B. into C. from D. in 6. The concert ____________I listened last weekend was boring. A. to that B. for which C. for what D. to which Exercise 2. Fill in the blanks with: who, whom, which, whose, that 1. Let me see all the letters _________you have written. 2. Is there anyone ________ can help me do that? 3. Mr. Brown, _______ is only 34, is the director of this company. 4. The chief of Police, _____ work is very important, takes care of the public safety. 5. It was the nurse __________ told me to come in. 6. The teacher with ________ we studied last year no longer teaches in our school. 7. We saw many soldiers and tanks __________ were moving to the front. 8. We have just met the young scientist to ______ the committee will give the first prize. 9. Love, ____ is a wonderful feeling, comes to everyone at some time in his/her life. 10. Dr. Fleming, _______ discovered penicillin, was awarded the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1945. Exercise 3. Rewrite the following sentences. 1. He gave me a lot of advice. Much of them was very useful. (Use a relative clauses)  He 2. The girl is John’s sister. I introduced you to her. (Use a relative pronoun with preposition)  The girl Good luck to you.

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I. Find a suitable word for the sentences below. One example has been for you. 0. A. Boil plenty of salty water, and add the spaghetti. B. I'll boil the kettle and make some tea. C. She put some potatoes on to boil. 1. A. Leaving a room with turning off the lights is a waste of........ B. The........is off tomorrow. C. She always pays her........bills on time. 2. A..........energy is electricity or power that is produced using the energy from the sun, wind, water, etc. B. Is it an.........method of doing that? C. Do you have an.........solution? 3. A. Large amounts of fossil fuels are......by the electricity industry consumed B. Before he died he had..........a large quantity of alcohol. C. The hotel was quickly...........by fire. 4. A. The meat was declared unfit for human........ B. He was advised to reduce his alcohol........ C........rather than saving has become the central feature of contemporary societies. 5. A. The company is being actively considered as a........partner. B. They are........customers of our company; they will sign big contracts with us. C. First we need to identify actual and........problems. 6. A. All children should be encouraged to realise their full........ B. She has great........as an artist. C. The house has a lot of........ 7. A. He refused to........her arm. B. 10,000 balloons were........(-ed) at the ceremony. C. Intense heat is........(-ed) in the reaction. 8. A. This book is on the exploitation of minerals and other natural........ B. We do not have the........to update our computer software because we are having a financial problem. C. We must make the most efficient use of the available financial........ 9. A.......cell is a device that converts light and heat energy from the sun into electricity. B. The......radiation is sometimes very harmful to your eyes and skin. C. The......system consists of the sun and all the planets that move around it. 10. A. He has earned out extensive........into renewable energy sources. B. Recent........on deaf children have produced some interesting findings about their speech. C. Whathave their........shown?

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10 Mark the letter A, B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. Everyone should remember to switch off ________lights before going out. A: a B: the C: an D: no article 11 Mark the letter A, B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. Thank you for having ____ the information about global warming. A: share B: shares C: shared D: sharing 12 Mark the letter A, B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. The local residents suspected the authorities ____ having kept the pollution level secret from the local people. A: for B: of C: about D: on 13 Mark the letter A, B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions. A: dangerous B: ecology C: environment D: diversity 14 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50. An air pollutant is defined as a compound added directly or indirectly by humans to the atmosphere in such quantities as to affect humans, animals, vegetation, or materials adversely. Air pollution requires a very flexible definition that permits continuous change. When the first air pollution laws were established in England in the fourteenth century, air pollutants were limited to compounds that could be seen or smelled - a far cry from the extensive list of harmful substances known today. As technology has developed and knowledge of the health aspects of various chemicals has increased, the list of air pollutants has lengthened. In the future, even water vapor might be considered an air pollutant under certain conditions. Many of the more important air pollutants, such as sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides, are found in nature. As the Earth developed, the concentration of these pollutants was altered by various chemical reactions; they became components in biogeochemical cycles. These serve as an air purification scheme by allowing the compounds to move from the air to the water or soil. On a global basis, nature’s output of these compounds dwarfs that resulting from human activities. However, human production usually occurs in a localized area, such as a city. In such a region, human output may be dominant and may temporarily overload the natural purification scheme of the cycles. The result is an increased concentration of noxious chemicals in the air. The concentrations at which the adverse effects appear will be greater than the concentrations that the pollutants would have in the absence of human activities. The actual concentration need not be large for a substance to be a pollutant; in fact, the numerical value tells us little until we know how much of an increase this represents over the concentration that would occur naturally in the area. For example, sulfur dioxide has detectable health effects at 0.08 parts per million (ppm), which is about 400 times its natural level. Carbon monoxide, however, has a natural level of 0.1 ppm and is not usually a pollutant until its level reaches about 15 ppm. According to the passage, human-generated air pollution in localized regions ____. A: can be dwarfed by nature’s output of pollutants B: will react harmfully with natural pollutants C: will damage areas outside of the localized regions D: can overwhelm the natural system that removes pollutants 15 Mark the letter A, B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. The factory owner denied having said that he should take responsibility for the damage that his factory caused to the surrounding environment. A: opposed B: accepted C: rejected D: refuted 16 Mark the letter A, B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions. A: habitat B: natural C: endangered D: dangerous 17 Mark the letter A, B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. One of the aims of the Greenpace is to raise awareness of the __________problems facing our planet. A: environmentally B: environment C: environmental D: environmentalist

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aphics over distance. A. inconvenient B. convenient C. uncomfortable D. comfortable 14) If you ____ to your favourite newspapers and magazines, they will be delivered to your house early in the morning. A. buy B. book C. pay D. subscribe 15) Post offices offer a special mail service which is called ____. A. ESM B. EMS C. SEM D. MES 16) Your EMS mail will be ____ in the shortest possible time. A. provided B. delivered C. taken D. caught 17) The message introduces the ____ provided by the National Post Office. A. parcels B. messengers C. expresses D. services 18) I cannot tell you all ____ I heard. A. which B. that C. as D. because 19) I can answer the question ____ you say is very difficult. A. which B. whom C. who D. whose 20) This is Mr. Jones, ____ invention has helped hundreds of deaf people. A. which B. that C. whose D. whom 21) Tom, ____ sits next to me, is from Canada. A. that B. whom C. who D. whose 22) The volunteers, ____ enthusiasm was obvious, finished the work quickly. A. who B. whom C. whose D. that 23) Many scientists have claimed that ____ like music are often good at mathematics. A. children B. children who C. children whom D. whose children 24) My friend, ____ I visited lask week, is taking a holiday soon. A. that B. whom C. which D. whose 25) The doctor re examining a patient ____ was taken to hospital last night. A. which B. who C. whom D. whose 26) A pacifist is a person ____ believes that all wars are wrong. A. who B. whose C. whom D. which 27) My friend, ____ hated horror film, refused to go to the cinema with me. A. whom B. which C. whose D. who C. READING * Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer. Between the Revolutionary period and the World War I, the United States post office was set out to improve transportation of the post office mails. From those early days to the present, the post office has helped develop and subsidize every new mode transportation in the United States. Transportation has been the most important element in mail delivery. Even when the general public had still suspected of the security of a new means of transportation, the post office experimented with inventions that offered potential for moving the mail faster, occasionally suffering embarrassment, ridicule, or even abuse in the process. As mail delivery evolved from foot to horseback, stagecoach, steamboat, railroad, automobile, and airplane, with intermediate and overlapping use of balloons, and helicopters, post office mail contracts ensured the income necessary to build the great highways, rail lines, and airways that eventually spanned the continent. By the turn of the 19th century, the U.S. Post Office had purchased a number of stagecoaches for operation on the nation’s better post roads – a post road being any road on which the mail travels – and continued to encourage new designs to improve passenger comfort and carry mail safely. 28) The passage is about ____. A. transportation of the Post Office in the US B. the Post Office in the Revolutionary period C. the Post Office in the World War I D. transportation and public ideas 29) According to the passage, the main purpose of the Post Office is ____ A. to develop transportation B. to apply new mean of transportation C. to deliver mail as safely and fast as possible D. to subsidize every new mode of transportation 30) Which means of transportation used in the Post Office is NOT referred in the passage? A. train B. car C. plane D. motorcycle 31) The Post Office ____. A. has never used helicopters in delivery B. contributes income to build highways, railroads, and airways C. has never been the first to use a new means of transportation D. makes no contribution to build roads

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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 28 to 32. The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), originally known (28) ____ the United Nations’ International Children’s Emergency Fund, was created by the United Nations General Assembly on 11 December 1946, to provide emergency food and healthcare to children and mothers in countries that had been devastated by World War II. The Polish physician Ludwik Rajchman is widely regarded as the (29) ____ of UNICEF and served as its first chairman from 1946 to 1950, when he had to flee the United States in the wake of McCarthyism. Rajchman is to this day the only person that served as UNICEF's Chairman for longer than 2 years. On Rajchman's suggestion, the American Maurice Pate was appointed its first executive director, serving from 1947 until his death in 1965. In 1950, UNICEF's mandate was extended to address the long-term needs of children and women in developing countries everywhere. In 1953 it (30) ____ a permanent part of the United Nations System, and the words "international" and "emergency" were dropped from the organization's name, though it retained the original acronym, "UNICEF".UNICEF (31) ____ on contributions from governments and private donors. UNICEF's total income for 2015 wasUS$5,009,557,471. Governments contribute two-thirds of the organization's resources. Private groups and individuals contribute the rest through national committees. It is estimated that 92 per cent of UNICEF revenue is distributed to program services. UNICEF's programs emphasize developing community-level services to (32) ____ the health and well-being of children. UNICEF was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1965 and the Prince of Asturias Award of Concord in 2006. Question 28: A. For B. As C. such as D. like Câu hỏi 29: Question 29: A. Ancestor B. Descendant C. pioneer D. founder Câu hỏi 30: Question 30: A. Became B. Becomes C. Becoming D. had become Câu hỏi 31: Question 31: A. focuses B. stands C. concentrates D. relies Câu hỏi 32: Question 32: A. Promote B. Provide C. widen D. increase

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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 33 to 37. Harvard University, today recognized as part of the top echelon of the worlds universities, came from very inauspicious and humble beginning.This oldest of American universities was founded in 1636, just sixteen years after the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth. Included in the Puritan emigrants to the Massachusetts colony during this period were more than 100 graduates of England's prestigious Oxford and Cambridge universities, and these universities graduates in the New World were determined that their sons would have the same educational opportunities that they themselves had had. Because of this support in the colony for an institution of higher learning, the General Court of Massachusetts appropriated 400 pounds for a college in October of 1636 and early the following year decided on a parcel of land for the school; this land was in an area called Newetowne, which was later renamed Cambridge after its English cousin and is the site of the present-day university.When a young minister named John Harvard, who came from the neighboring town of Charlestown, died from tuberculosis in 1638, he willed half of his estate of 1,700 pounds to the fledgling college. In spite of the fact that only half of the bequest was actually paid, the General Court named the college after the minister in appreciation for what he had done. The amount of the bequest may not have been large, particularly by today's standard, but it was more than the General Court had found it necessary to appropriate in order to open the college.Henry Dunster was appointed the first president of Harvard in 1640, and it should be noted that in addition to serving as president, he was also the entire faculty, with an entering freshmen class of four students. Although the staff did expand somewhat, for the first century of its existence the entire teaching staff consisted of the president and three or four tutors. Question 33: What is the main idea of the passage? A. Harvard is one of the world’s most prestigious universities B. What is today a great university started out small C. John Harvard was key to the development of a great university D. Harvard University developed under the auspices of the General Court of Massachusetts Câu hỏi 34: Question 34: The pronoun "they" in the second paragraph refers to ____. A. Oxford and Cambridge universities B. university graduates C. the Puritan sons D. educational opportunities Câu hỏi 35: Question 35:The word "somewhat" in the last paragraph could best be replaced by ____. A. to and fro B. back and forth C. side by side D. more or less Câu hỏi 36: Question 36: Which of the following is NOT mentioned about John Harvard? A. What he died of B. where he came from C. Where he was buried D. How much he bequeathed to Harvard Câu hỏi 37: Question 37: The passage implies that ____. A. Henry Dunster was an ineffective president B. someone else really served as president of Harvard before Henry Dunster C. Henry Dunster spent much of his time as president managing the Harvard faculty D. the position of president of Harvard was not merely an administrative position in the early years

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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 38 to 45. Choosing a career may be one of the hardest jobs you ever have, and it must be done with care. View a career as an opportunity to do something you love, not simply as a way to earn a living. Investing the time and effort to thoroughly explore your options can mean the difference between finding a stimulating and rewarding career and move from job to unsatisfying job in an attempt to find the right one. Work influences virtually every aspect of your life, from your choice of friends to where you live. Here are just a few of the factors to consider.Deciding what matters most to you is essential to making the right decision. You may want to begin by assessing your likes, dislikes, strengths, and weaknesses. Think about the classes, hobbies, and surroundings that you find most appealing. Ask yourself questions, such as “Would you like to travel? Do you want to work with children? Are you more suited to solitary or co-operative work?” There are no right or wrong answers; only you know what is important to you. Determine which job features you require, which ones you would prefer, and which ones you cannot accept. Then rank them in order of importance to you.The setting of the job is one factor to take into account. You may not want to sit at a desk all day. If not, there are diversity occupations - building inspector, supervisor, real estate agent - that involve a great deal of time away from the office. Geographical location may be a concern, and employment in some fields is concentrated in certain regions. Advertising job can generally be found only in large cities. On the other hand, many industries such as hospitality, law education, and retail sales are found in all regions of the country. If a high salary is important to you, do not judge a career by its starting wages. Many jobs, such as insurance sales, offers relatively low starting salaries; however, pay substantially increases along with your experience, additional training, promotions and commission.Don’t rule out any occupation without learning more about it. Some industries evoke positive or negative associations. The traveling life of a flight attendant appears glamorous, while that of a plumber does not. Remember that many jobs are not what they appear to be at first, and may have merits or demerits that are less obvious. Flight attendants must work long, grueling hours without sleeps, whereas plumbers can be as highly paid as some doctors. Another point to consider is that as you get mature, you will likely to develop new interests and skills that may point the way to new opportunities. The choice you make today need not be your final one. Question 38:The author states that “There are no right or wrong answers” in order to ____. A. emphasize that each persons answers will be different. B. show that answering the questions is a long and difficult process. C. indicate that the answers are not really important. D. indicate that each persons answers may change over time. Câu hỏi 39: Question 39: The word “them” in paragraph 2 refers to ____. A. Questions B. Answers C. Features D. Jobs Câu hỏi 40: Question 40: The word “assessing” in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by ____. A. Discovering B. Considering C. Measuring D. Disposing Câu hỏi 41: Question 41: According to paragraph 3, which of the following fields is NOT suitable for a person who does not want to live in a big city? A. Plumbing B. Law C. retail sales D. advertising Câu hỏi 42: Question 42: Those are all the factors you should take into account when choosing a job EXCEPT ____. A. Your likes and your dislikes B. The atmosphere at work C. Geographical location D. Your strengths and weaknesses Câu hỏi 43: Question 43: In paragraph 5, the author suggests that ____. A. you may want to change careers at some time in the future. B. as you get older, your career will probably less fulfilling. C. you will be at your job for a lifetime, so choose carefully. D. you will probably jobless at some time in the future. Câu hỏi 44: Question 44: The word “grueling” in paragraph 3 could best be replaced by ____. A. tiring and hard B. relaxing C. painful D. enjoyable Câu hỏi 45: Question 45: According to the passage, which of the following is true? A. To make a lot of money, you should not take a job with a low starting salary. B. To make lots of money, you should rule out all factory jobs. C. If you want an easy and glamorous lifestyle, you should consider becoming flight attendant. D. Your initial view of certain careers may not be accurate

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Read the following pasage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the number blanks from 14 to 18. Through history, women have had responsibility for healing ......(14)...... However, it is only in comparative recent times.....(15)....... they have been allowed to train as doctors at medical schools in Britain. Yet in that short time, they have ...(16)......an enormous contribution to modern medicine. The first female doctors were Nuns who gave advice about diseases and injuries and prepared medicine. In ancient Rome, women healers.......(17)......skilful and respected. In Britain, for centuries, male doctors were suspicious of women who practiced medicine professionally and in 1952 a law was passed making it illegal for them to do so. Women couldn't study medicine at universities.....(18).... the 19th century and they only began to gain equality with male doctors in the 20th century. Question 14: A. People B. Patient C. the sick D. diseases Câu hỏi 15: Question 15: A. That B. When C. Which D. And Câu hỏi 16: Question 16: A. Caused B. Done C. Had D. Made Câu hỏi 17: Question 17: A. were considered B. have considered C. had considered D. were regarded Câu hỏi 18: Question 18: A. Until B. In C. From D. Since Câu hỏi 19: Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions: Question 19: A. Serves B. Hopes C. Likes D. Writes Câu hỏi 20: Question 20: A. Park B. Start C. Card D. Catch

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Choose the correct word in the bracket to complete the sentences. deforestation heat-related emissions extinction catastrophic footprint diversity preserve infectious absorb 1. Global warming has proved truly ______________________________________ for the environment * 1 điểm Đây là một câu hỏi bắt buộc 2. Having measured the company's carbon _________________________________, they realised that the amount of carbon dioxide (CO) it produced was great. * 1 điểm Đây là một câu hỏi bắt buộc 3. Rainforests have the highest species ________________________________ on the earth * 1 điểm Đây là một câu hỏi bắt buộc 4. We need to ________________________________ the diversity of wildlife because each species has an important role to play. * 1 điểm Đây là một câu hỏi bắt buộc 5. Scientists have warned about the relationship between climate change and the spread of ________________________________ diseases * 1 điểm Đây là một câu hỏi bắt buộc 6. The alarming rate of ________________________________ results in damage to the quality of the land. * 1 điểm Đây là một câu hỏi bắt buộc 7. The increase in the earth's temperature can cause _________________________________ illnesses which can be dangerous to people. * 1 điểm Đây là một câu hỏi bắt buộc 8. A large amount of carbon dioxide ________________________________ are released into the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels. * 1 điểm Đây là một câu hỏi bắt buộc 9. Many species are threatened with _____________________________ due to deforestation and loss of habit. * 1 điểm Đây là một câu hỏi bắt buộc 10. More trees should be planted as they ___________________________ carbon dioxide and give off oxygen. * 1 điểm

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UNIT 11: SOURCES OF ENERGY Lesson 2: Language Focus Choose the correct answer to each of the following questions Question 1: Nellie Ross of Wyoming was the first woman ………..governor in the United States. a. who elected b. to be elected c. was elected d. her election as Question 2: Pioneers, …………. in isolated areas of the United States, were almost totally self-sufficient. a. who living b. living c. lived d. that lived Question 3: Coal was the first fuel ...... to power machinery. a. is used b. using c. to use d. to be used Question 4: Hydroelectric power is produced by the fall of water ................. in a dam. a. trapping b. trapped c. to be trapped d. that trapped Question 5: The man …………….the bus is my brother. a. drives b. that drove c. driving d. to drive Question 6: We live in a house ……………in 1906. a. built b. which built c. to build d. building Question 7: Melanie was the only person …………..a letter of thanks. a. who writing b. written c. to write d. writing Question 8. a. most of whom b. many of them c. some of who d. all who Question 9: Cameron, ______ directed ‘The Titanic’, is one of the leading faces in Hollywood. a. that b. whose c. whom d. who Question 10: John Smith, ………….land I bought, is a farmer. a. whose b. who c. that d. whom Replace the relative clauses by to infinitives or participles. 1. Neil Armstrong was the first man who walked on the moon. ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 2. The last person who leaves the room must turn out the lights. ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 3. Rivers which flow into Baltic Sea are much cleaner now than ten years ago ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 4. I went to a reunion for students who were educated in the physics department during the 1980s. ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 5. I have some homework that I must do tonight. ………………………………………………………………………………………..

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