1.My elder brother let me use his laptop last week. => My elder brother allowed _ 2. Before he got to sleep, he had turned off the lights. => Having _ 3. The man said to her “I will come and see you if I have time.” => The man told 4. He said “I’m sorry I didn’t reply to the letter.” => He apologized _

$1.$ My elder brother allowed me to use his laptop last week.

- S + allowed + O + to V: cho phép ai làm gì.

$2.$ Having turned off the lights, he got to sleep.

- Phân từ hoàn thành: Having + V (Pii).

- Dùng trong mệnh đề trạng ngữ rút gọn chỉ thời gian để diễn tả hành động đã hoàn thành trước một hành động khác.

$3.$ The man told her that he would come and see her if he had time.

- S + told + O + (that) + S + V (Lùi thì).

- Hiện tại đơn $→$ Qúa khứ đơn.

- you $→$ her $;$ I $→$ he.

$4.$ He apologized me for not replying to the letter.

- S + apologized + O + for + V-ing: xin lỗi vì điều gì.

1 My elder brother allowed me to use his laptop last week

allow +someone + to V

2 Having turned off the light, he got to sleep.

lấy Ving thay cho N

3 The man told that he would come and see her if he had time.

S+told+that +S +V(lùi thì )+.......

4 he apologized for  not replying to the letter.

apologized for +Ving